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KMID : 1159320190210020281
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Korean Journal of Vision Science
2019 Volume.21 No. 2 p.281 ~ p.289
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The Role of 4-hydroxynonenal for Activation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell
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Lee Ji-Young
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Abstract
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Purpose : Retinal diseases (RD), including proliferative diabetic retinopathy, are among the most important eye diseases leading to vision loss in industrialized countries. In this review, the importance of 4-hydroxynonal (HNE) in association with vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation leading to vascular remodeling, especially for oxidative stress- related retinal degeneration, is illustrated.
Methods : RD is characterized by abnormal angiogenesis associated with an increase in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Angiogenesis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a complex multistep phenomenon consisting of the sprouting and the growth of new capillary blood vessels starting from the preexisting ones. Therefore, we investigated the action of HNE in VSMC activation causing vascular remodeling. The important role of HNE as a mediator of oxidative stress-related activation of VSMCs will be also discussed.
Results : HNE increased the nitro oxide generation in VSMC. HNE seems to cause cellular structural perturbations and various oxidative stress-related degenerative processes, including vascular dysfunction. HNE also, increased the protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation. Oxidative stress by HNE could be mediated an induction of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation.
Conclusion : Oxidative stress induced by HNE may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of retinal atherosclerosis and vascular disturbance, as angiogenesis. The apparent ability of HNE for activation of VSMC may significantly contribution the promotion and progression of vascular remodeling in oxidative-stress related retinal degeneration.
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KEYWORD
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4-hydroxynonenal, Oxidative stress, Vascular remodeling, Vascular smooth muscle cells
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